In this tutorial I’m going to explain how I clean and care for my pyrography pen tips.   The information in this blog can be used on all pen tips regardless of the brand.   I’m not going to tell you that my method is the best or only method to use.  Instead, I will present some cleaning information, including the manufacturer’s recommendations, and you can decide what you are comfortable using. 

Nib, tip, and pen tip are different terms for the same thing.

To watch a video version of this information just click on the video thumbnail, or click on this link: https://youtu.be/YFe4OfQnZxM 

PREPPING NEW PEN TIPS

Let me state right up front, that you do not need to do anything to get brand new pen tips ready for use!  They come from the manufacturer ready for immediate use.

I only bring this up because I’ve seen several different YouTube videos instructing viewers to heat their new pen tips until they glowed red, and keep them in that state for a bit.  One said to turn the machine as high as it would go, and let the pen tip glow for 60-90 seconds.  That pen tip was glowing bright red by the end of the allotted time. 

Don’t do this!

I’m not sure what heating your nib until it glows red is supposed to do.  

One YouTuber said the purpose was to condition the tip, but I have no idea what “conditioning the tip” means. 

Another said it was to anneal the tip, but annealing is the process of softening metal to make it easier to work with.  I seriously doubt that reducing the hardness of a pen tip is going to provide any pyrography benefits.

If you’d like to read about annealing, I found an article by Mead Metals that goes into greater detail and explains the difference between annealing and tempering.

Here’s a link to the article:  https://www.meadmetals.com/blog/what-is-the-difference-between-tempering-and-annealing

I do want to mention that the nib I heated until it turned red is one I don’t care for.  If it broke during the demonstration I wouldn’t care.  I only use this tip when burning really dark backgrounds, and other high heat applications.   

What I didn’t like about the pen tip was that it had a chiseled tip.  I often angle the nib to use the razer edge.  This allows me to create super thin lines.  I couldn’t do that with this nib.  

Here’s a link to the pen tip on Colwood’s website:  Colwood SQ shader

What heating the pen tip to cherry red will do is discolor or oxidize it.  Let’s examine this composite photo.

Image 1, located to the left of the yellow line, is how the pen tip looked before I heated it up. 

Image 2, located to the right of the yellow line, is how it looked afterwards. 

Because I like to be thorough, I also checked with several different manufacturers to see what they have to say on the subject.  Plus, I wanted to see if I could locate the source of the pen tip prepping disinformation.   I wouldn’t be surprised if this information came from Facebook.  Seams like a lot of weird information gets passed around on that site.  

After spending a considerable amount of time pouring over numerous manufacturer website, I could not find one one manufacturer who said that there was anything you need to do to prepare the pen tips before you use them!  Two of them, Optima and Razertip, specifically stated that you should not heat the pen tip in an effort to anneal it.  

Below is what I found, including links to sites and/or articles.  The manufacturers are listed in alphabetical order.

BrennPeter

I couldn’t find any information about preparing, cleaning, or caring for the pen tips or burner.   

Here’s a link to their website:  http://www.brennpeter.com/

Burnmaster

I found the manufacturer’s website, but couldn’t find anything on it that provided information about cleaning, caring, etc., for the burner or pen tips.  

Here’s a link to their website:  https://mastercarver.com/

Colwood

I couldn’t find anything about the need to prepare a pen tip for burning.  The best I found was, “Do not turn the temperature setting all the way up to burn off the carbon, because repeated extremely high temperature will cause the tips to wear out quickly.”    

Here’s a link to their pdf file I got the quote from: https://woodburning.com/pages/woodburning-helpful-hints

Optima

“NEVER turn your power supply on high to ‘anneal’ a tip. This will just lead to premature oxidation, and may damage some of the smaller standard style tips”

Here’s a link to their website:   https://www.carvertools.com/

Then click on “Customer Support & FAQ”

Nibsburner

I couldn’t find the manufacturer site.  One retailer said that the manufacturer wasn’t making them anymore.

Peter Child

Doesn’t say anything about conditioning or preparing the tips for first time use. 

Here’s a link to their website:  http://www.peterchild.co.uk/pyroinfo/pyinfo.htm

Razertip

Question:  “Is there anything special I have to do to my tips before I use them? Should I anneal them?”

Answers:  “There is nothing to do other than to simply plug in the pen and start using it.  Besides being unnecessary, “annealing” (or softening) the tip would not be possible when using the pen on a Razertip power supply as the tip will hold its temper (or hardness) right up to 1700ºF. Heating the tip beyond 1700ºF would actually weaken the tip and shorten its useful life.”

Here’s a link to a pdf file on their website that covers use and maintenance:  https://www.razertip.com/pdf/SSD_120V_English.pdf

I know there are many other brands of burners out there, but I think I covered most (if not all) of the major brands that offer ‘professional’ burners.  The important thing about my research is that I couldn’t find anything one manufacturer stating you need to prepare brand new pen tips for use. 

Simply put, pen tips come ready to use.

WHY CLEAN

Why is it important to clean your pen tips?  There are several reasons, so let’s cover them.

1) Clean tips will glide over the wood surfaces better than dirty ones.  

2) Heavy carbon build (dirty pen tips) up can interfere with the heat output.  The carbon acts as an insulator.  The thicker the buildup is the less heat gets through.  When this happens the burn result gets lighter in color.   

3) Heavy carbon buildup makes it harder to get smooth burn results because the buildup can catch on any irregularities in the wood.

FOR THE TEST

To quickly dirty the nib, I burned a dark background.   The heat on my burner is high enough generate visible smoke, but not so high that the tip glows red.   If the nib starts to glow red, that is a sign to turn down the heat.

This composite photo shows a clean nib in on the left.   In the middle I’m burning dark.  Lastly, the photo on the right shows carbon build up on the pen tip after burning for a little bit.

After the nib had some carbon build up, then I would clean it.  I repeated this process several times as I compared different ways of cleaning the nib.

CLEANING WHILE BURNING

NATURAL FABRICS

There are times when I’m working on a dark background and I don’t want to stop burning to clean the pen tip.  What I’ve found works well is using clean cotton fabric like denim.

Be aware that you can also use almost any natural fiber cloth including linen (flax).  

Do not use any synthetic cloth or fur.  Synthetic cloth are materials like nylon, polyester, rayon, spandex, etc.  The reason to avoid them is because are made with polymers (plastics) that will melt under the heat of the pen tip. 

Also, make sure to place the denim cloth on a heat safe surface as the heat does transfer through.

Rub the tip quickly and gently over the denim material.   Do not pause while rubbing as you can char the fabric.  Also, you do NOT need to exert any pressure on the pen tip.  

Using fabric will remove most of the carbon, and you can resume burning. 

How much carbon it removes depends on how much has built up.  The fabric removed 99% of a thin layer of carbon, but it couldn’t remove a really thick layer of carbon.   If the fabric doesn’t remove all of the carbon, then the pen tip will need a deep cleaning using once the burn session is over.

I do recommend wiping the tip on the fabric on a very regular basis to help prevent a thick layer of carbon from forming.  Depending on how hot you’re burning, even that might not prevent the carbon from building up.   The only thing I can recommend is to try it.

Let me reiterate that need to place the fabric on a heat safe surface! 

Fabric is not very thick, so the heat can easily penetrate to the underlying surface and damage it.     

I used a scratchboard and you can see that it removed some of the ink from the board.  Scratchboards are white hard boards coated with black ink, and use you scratch off the design you want.     

Scratch art wasn’t my thing, so I found an alternate use for the board – a heat safe surface.   Also, since it is very rigid, I use it to secure watercolor paper that I want to burn on.  

RAZERTIP CLEANER / SCRAPER

Razertip makes a tool that scraps carbon off of the nib.  Razertip claims that it doesn’t damage the nib.  It scratched the heck out of mine.  I’ve had others tell me they experienced the same thing. 

I don’t recommend using it unless you dislike the pen tip. 

I have a video version of the product review.  Here’s a link to the video:  https://youtu.be/DtGmBruEA1A

POLISHING COMPOUNDS

To deep clean a pen tip, you need a strop and a polishing/buffing compound. 

Strops are traditionally made out of leather, and often the leather is glued onto a piece of wood.

A very common polishing compound is aluminum oxide.   

I’ve only seen this compound available in a powdered form. 

That doesn’t mean there is another form of the substance available, it just means that in my very brief searches I’ve only found the powdered version.

Regardless, I haven’t tried aluminum oxide.   Here’s an affiliate link to the product on Amazon:  https://amzn.to/44L7Cy4

What I use is a polishing compound made by Sharpal. 

This particular brand of polishing/buffing compound is made out of chromium oxide. 

The box contains two bars that feel like very firm clay or hard wax.

Here’s an affiliate link to the product on Amazon:  https://amzn.to/39Z57Pe

Make sure to pay attention to the manufacturer’s description of the polishing compound.  Don’t assume that the color corresponds to a particular grit!  You want a compound that is fine grit.

How to use polishing compounds

Apply a little of the compound to the strop. 

If you are using the powdered aluminum oxide, just sprinkle a little bit on a strop.  Or, dip the pen tip into the jar.

TURN WOOD BURNER UNIT OFF!  Do not use a hot pen tip when using the polishing compound!  You should be able to touch the pen tip with your finger and not feel any warmth. 

Gently rub the pen tip over the compound until the tip is clean. 

STROP

I like to use either a scrap piece of leather or fabric as my strop.  This photo shows two pieces of leather (1, 2), and a piece of 100% cotton denim material (3)

From what I’ve read, a strop can be made out of almost anything like 100% natural fabric, paper, and even cardboard.

You can buy traditional strops online.   By that I mean leather that is permanently attached to a piece of wood. Here’s an affiliate link to one on Amazon: https://amzn.to/3UuPYZm

If you prefer, you can make a traditional strop.  Richy Coelho has a video demonstrating this.  Here’s a link to that video:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KFDr5RTKOZc

LEATHER vs DENIM FABRIC

I tested out the cleaning capabilities of leather and denim fabric.   

With the leather I tested both the grain and flesh side.  The flesh side is the rough or underside of the leather (1).   The grain side is the top or smooth sides of the leather (2).   

I made sure that the nib had a lot carbon build up by burning darkly.   Afterwards, I cleaned the nib and wrote down my thoughts on the process.

Denim Cloth

I first wiped the tip on denim that doesn’t have any polishing compound on it.  At this point the heat is still on because I think this helps remove more carbon.

Because it was such a thick layer of carbon, the denim didn’t remove all of it.     Any remaining carbon was easily removed by rubbing the nib over an area of the denim that had polishing compound on it.   

I found that the denim cloth works well, but you need to rub the nib on clean areas of the cloth.  The denim fibers quickly filled up with carbon; reducing the denims ability to remove carbon.

Leather – grain side

Using the top or grain side of leather that I cleaned the nib the same way I did with the denim cloth.  I first wiped the tip on clean denim to remove the as much carbon as possible.   Then rubbed the nib over the leather that had polishing compound applied to it.   This worked extremely well.  In fact, I thought it was quicker that using denim.

Leather – flesh side

With the back or flesh side of the leather I did the same steps as I did the grain side.  It worked just fine.  The only thing I noticed was that I had to rub longer before all of the carbon was gone 

The Winner

All three produced very similar results, and removed all traces of carbon.

1) Grain side (top) of the leather is my top pick.  It seemed to work quicker.  

2) The denim was a close second. 

3) Flesh side (bottom) of the leather third.  It seemed to me, that the flesh side took the longest to clean up the pen tip. 

Keep in mind that the results are subjective.  I didn’t make sure that I burned the exact same number of blotches, or that I the carbon build up was the same after each burn session, etc.  

BENEFITS OF CHROMIUM OXIDE

I started using the chromium oxide polishing compound at the beginning of 2022, and I’ve noticed a couple of beneficial effects of the compound. 

1) Pen tips cleaned with the compound glide across the surface of the wood easier.  If I’m using a pen tip that hasn’t been cleaned with the compound yet, I can really tell a difference.     

2) I’ve discovered that pen tips cleaned with polishing compound resist carbon build up better.  The lower heat setting is the longer this phenomenon lasts.

3) After the initial cleaning the pen tips are easier to clean.   

Since I haven’t used aluminum oxide, I don’t know if it provides the same benefits as chromium oxide.  I would guess that it does, but I can’t swear to it.

Manufacturer’s Cleaning Recommendations

These are listed in alphabetical order.  I’m not providing links to their websites as I already provided them near the top of this blog.

Brennpeter

BrennPeter’s main website provides zero information about cleaning and/or caring for pen tips, but they have a separate site that they sell their products on.

When I searched around the sight and I found wire brushes to “remove char” from the tips.  Since they sell the brushes, I have to assume that is their recommended cleaning method.  

https://www.bastelfritze.de/en/Pyrography—Brennpeter/

Burnmaster

I couldn’t find anything on their website about cleaning pen tips.

Colwood

I found a pdf article on Colwood’s classroom section on their website that states, “To clean tips, use factory recommended methods, and stay away from coarse emery cloth or sandpaper, unless you wish to buy new tips – often!”

Interestingly, Colwood sells honing paper, and cleaning burrs on their website all designed to clean pen tips.  The honing paper, which I haven’t tried, comes with a warning about how it can wear away the metal on the pen tips.   From personal experience I know the cleaning burrs will also remove metal from your tips.     Ironically, they sell products that are the type of items their instructions say to avoid.  

Nibsburner

I couldn’t find the manufacturer site. 

Optima

“To knock off carbon from time to time, lightly buff the tips occasionally with a leather strop or small cloth buffing wheel (fits on a Dremel wheel mandrel), with a small amount of polishing rouge or buffing compound.” 

I do want to mention that I did try using a cloth buffing wheel, but it didn’t work well for me.  About the only thing it did was fling little strings from the cloth around my studio.   

Here’s a link to a package of them on Amazon if you want to try them:  Cloth Buffing Wheels

Peter Child

I couldn’t find anything on their website about cleaning and / or caring for pen tips.

Razertip 

Razertip promotes their scraper / cleaner.   Per their website:  carbon build-up on tips can be quickly and effectively removed with one or two passes over a Razertip tip cleaner/scraper. This economical cleaner won’t wear out your tip, and you can leave your burner on when using it. One hand operation means you don’t have to put your work down, either.

You should never use abrasives (sandpaper, emery, rouge) to clean your tip – they will wear it out prematurely, and will actually cause quicker carbon build-up.”   

As I said before, I don’t recommend this item as it scratched the heck out of my nib.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Now let’s talk safety.   

When you first use a pen tip after it’s been cleaned with chromium oxide, any residual compound on the tip is burned off and smoke is produced.  Don’t inhale the smoke! 

Hold the pen tip well away from your face for a second or two until the tip is done smoking.   It doesn’t take long even on a low heat setting. 

I don’t know if aluminum oxide does the same thing, but if it does take the same precaution. 

I looked up the MSDS (material safety data sheet) for both oxides.  Chromium oxide appears pretty benign, but aluminum oxide has a warning that the substance and be an irritant and/or toxic if inhaled.    That said, use common sense and keep your exposure to a minimum if you use either substance.   

Common sense covers things like:  Don’t inhale the oxides. 

Don’t eat the oxides. They are probably tasty, but resist the urge!  Yes, this is a joke and my lame attempt at humor.  

Wash your hands after using the oxides. 

Using the oxides in well ventilated areas. 

Wear a mask when using the oxides.   

Here’s a link to the chromium oxide MSDS:  Chromium Oxide MSDS

Here’s a link to the aluminum oxide MSDS:  http://dept.harpercollege.edu/chemistry/sds/Aluminum%20Oxide.pdf

BE COMFORTABLE

Keep in mind I’m not a chemist or a medical professional, so don’t take my word as gospel.  Do your research and decide what you are comfortable using.  

You may decide you’d prefer to avoid any chemical cleaner and stick with more benign things like fabric.

NIB CARE

1) Something that almost all of the manufactures agree on, is the recommendation of using just enough heat to get the job done.    

Most of the time I have the heat set between 2-4; my burner goes up to 10.   My goal is to get a dark tan burn result.   Keep in mind that the exact setting depends on the pen tip, the type of wood I’m burning on, and how many hours of burn time the pen tip has.   A new burn tip will need a higher heat than one that’s been used a lot.    

2) If the handset feels hot and becomes uncomfortable to hold, then turn off the machine and let it cool down.  Prolonged excessive heat can cause the machine, handset, and/or pen tips to wear out faster.

3) Do not turn up the heat on your burner and burn off the carbon from your pen tip.  Instead clean it the proper way.

4) Store your pen tips in such a way to protect the tips from damage. 

The easiest, and probably the cheapest, is to use the container the pen tip ships in.  Colwood ships theirs in a hard plastic tube.

Another option is to build your own. 

For example, this photo shows a desktop pen tip holder.  I like the desktop holder because it make it allows me to organize my pen tips and keep them close by.   Keep in mind that this holder is specifically designed for Colwood nibs.

Todd helped me create a video explaining how to make one.  Here’s a link to the video:  https://youtu.be/mvQR-tSefv4

I also have a video that provides super easy, cheap ways to make a portable pen tip holders.  Here’s a link to the video:  https://youtu.be/ez9ARlYhh0U

PRODUCTS I DON’T RECOMMEND USING

1) Coarse or low grit sandpaper*.     The sand paper will damage the metal on your pen tips.   

Emery boards or nail files are included in the category of coarse sandpaper.   

*I’ve had a couple of metal workers tell me that if you use sandpaper to clean or polish metal with, it needs to be at least 10,000 grit.   Keep in mind that I’m just passing on information that was given to me.  I haven’t tried it.

2) Colwood’s honing paper.   I haven’t tried it, and there is nothing about it that makes me want to try it.

Colwood claims their honing paper will, “Clean the tips or your pen when carbon buildup occurs. This buildup will reduce the temperature of the tip and make it necessary to increase the temperature setting on your unit. You may clean your burning tip by gently rubbing it with Colwood’s honing paper.”

The honing paper is 600 grit sand paper, and it comes with a warning about how it can wear away the metal.    

Here’s a link to it:  Colwood’s Honing Paper

3) Colwood Cleaning Cloth or Polishing cloth is nothing more than 800 grit emery cloth.  Colwood claims that you can use it to clean tips “without creating undue wear or removing of any metal.” 

That statement is partially true.  Yes, the cloth does not cause undue or excessive wear when used once or twice, but over time the repeated use of it does remove metal.  I know this from personal experience.

I used Colwood’s emery cloth exclusively for several years, and eventually I noticed that my favorite shader was getting a thinner.    I don’t use this product anymore.

Here’s a link to the product:  Colwood’s Cleaning Cloth

4) Colwood cleaning burrs.  These burrs are nothing more than green rubber polishing bits.  Per Colwood’s site:  the burrs will remove even the heaviest of carbon build up very quickly.  …Resulting in a longer tip life and more hours of comfortable burning!

Yes, the burrs do work quickly, but there’s a price for this convenience.  The burrs also remove metal and this thins out the pen tip.  It only takes a couple of uses for the thinning to be noticeable!  I’ve used the burrs to help alter the shape of nibs.   While the burrs are designed to work with a Dremel, or other rotary tool, they can be used without one; it just takes longer.   

I do not agree with their claim of a longer tip life by using burrs.  I used the burrs approximately once a week for a month, and I noticed considerable wearing down on my favorite shader.  I quit using them, and I don’t recommend using them unless you’re okay with the idea of replacing pen tips on a regular basis. 

This is another product I don’t recommend, but if you’re interested in them here’s a link:  Colwood’s Cleaning Burrs

IN CONCLUSION

I hope I answered any questions you may have had on this subject.  It would be nice if all manufacturers and pyrographers presented the same (and hopefully accurate) information, but I’d be surprised if that ever happens.  In the meantime, I hope this blog was able to provide the information you need to make an informed decision on how to clean your pen tips.

Until the next blog,

Brenda

May 17, 2022

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